E172Colorant

Iron oxides

Learn what Iron oxides (E172) is, why it's added to food, whether it's safe, and which products contain it.

Low concern

What is Iron oxides?

Food additives from the category of natural mineral-based colorants, which can be found in the forms E 172(i) – Black Iron Oxide, E 172(ii) – Red Iron Oxide, and E 172(iii) – Yellow Iron Oxide. They are obtained from iron powder and are used only for surface coatings.

Why is Iron oxides added to food?

Iron oxides (E172) is a colorant commonly found in: Surface coatings of culinary decorations.

Permitted quantity: The maximum daily intake for humans is up to 0.5 mg/kg body weight.

Is Iron oxides safe?

Low concern

No side effects have been reported at the amounts used in food.

Is Iron oxides banned anywhere?

✓ Not currently banned in the EU or known to be restricted in other countries.

Is Iron oxides okay for kids?

Not allowed in foods intended for infants and young children.

Common foods that contain Iron oxides

  • Surface coatings of culinary decorations

See the full list of foods that contain Iron oxides

How to spot Iron oxides on labels

Look for any of these names in the ingredients list:

  • E172
  • Iron oxides

Common misspellings to watch for:

  • iron oxide$
  • iron oxldes
  • iron oxides
  • lron oxides

Better alternatives

• May cause allergic reactions in individuals sensitive to iron or iron compounds. • Overdosage may lead to iron poisoning, causing digestive disturbances, nausea, or vomiting. • Not recommended for people with hemochromatosis or other iron metabolism disorders. • Pregnant women should consult a doctor before excessive consumption of supplements containing iron oxides.

Explore homemade alternatives to processed snacks →

Also known as

  • iron oxide$
  • iron oxldes
  • iron oxides
  • lron oxides

Scan products with BioBrief

Not sure if a product contains Iron oxides? BioBrief scans the barcode and instantly shows you every additive in the ingredients list — including E172 — with a plain-language explanation.

Frequently asked questions about Iron oxides

Is Iron oxides safe to eat?
No side effects have been reported at the amounts used in food.
Is Iron oxides banned anywhere?
Iron oxides is not currently banned in the EU or known to be restricted in other countries.
Is Iron oxides safe for children?
Not allowed in foods intended for infants and young children.
How do I spot Iron oxides on a food label?
Look for E172, Iron oxides in the ingredients list. It may also appear as: iron oxide$, iron oxldes, iron oxides.

Ingredients change. Always check the actual product label before purchasing. Information on this page is for educational purposes only.